rus
Opinion
News
Science News
Efficient Solutions
Analytics of Substances and Materials
E. P. Vekhter, I. K. Gorkina, O. N. Novikova, V. A. Antonov, I. K. Zhurkovich
Modern Approaches to Measuring the Mass Concentration of 1,1 Dimethylhydrazine in Water Using Chromatographic Methods https://doi.org/10.22184/2227-572X.2024.14.2.144.152
This review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of chromatographic approaches proposed in the scientific literature for the determination of 1,1 dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) in water with the aim of providing information that can be useful in the development of highly sensitive methods for measuring the mass concentration of UDMH in water bodies at levels corresponding to current hygienic standards. The use of methods of high-performance liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry with pre-column derivatization of the analyte can be considered promising. There are few official methods for quantitative determination of NDMH in aqueous samples that meet the necessary metrological requirements.
Modern Approaches to Measuring the Mass Concentration of 1,1 Dimethylhydrazine in Water Using Chromatographic Methods https://doi.org/10.22184/2227-572X.2024.14.2.144.152
This review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of chromatographic approaches proposed in the scientific literature for the determination of 1,1 dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) in water with the aim of providing information that can be useful in the development of highly sensitive methods for measuring the mass concentration of UDMH in water bodies at levels corresponding to current hygienic standards. The use of methods of high-performance liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry with pre-column derivatization of the analyte can be considered promising. There are few official methods for quantitative determination of NDMH in aqueous samples that meet the necessary metrological requirements.
Tags: 1 1 dimethylhydrazine 1 диметилгидразин analysis derivatization gas chromatography hplc ion chromatography tandem mass spectrometry water анализ вода вэжх газовая хроматография дериватизация ионная хроматография тандемная масс-спектрометрия
A. V. Sahakyan, A. D. Levin
Software for Spectral Data Processing by Chemometrics and Machine Learning Methods https://doi.org/10.22184/2227-572X.2024.14.2.154.160
The article describes a software package that supports the basic methods of chemometrics, and machine learning used for spectral data processing. The package can be used both as part of the software for analytical spectral instruments or independently. The package contains both common methods (linear and quadratic discriminant analysis, principal component regression, and partial least squares), as well as lesser known but proven effective in processing spectra, including the random forest method and extreme gradient boosting. Data on the testing of the program are provided, incl. an example of using the developed software package to solve problems of classifying black carbon particles according to the initial combustion objects.
Software for Spectral Data Processing by Chemometrics and Machine Learning Methods https://doi.org/10.22184/2227-572X.2024.14.2.154.160
The article describes a software package that supports the basic methods of chemometrics, and machine learning used for spectral data processing. The package can be used both as part of the software for analytical spectral instruments or independently. The package contains both common methods (linear and quadratic discriminant analysis, principal component regression, and partial least squares), as well as lesser known but proven effective in processing spectra, including the random forest method and extreme gradient boosting. Data on the testing of the program are provided, incl. an example of using the developed software package to solve problems of classifying black carbon particles according to the initial combustion objects.
Tags: chemometrics classification fluorescence machine learning photometry raman scattering regression software spectra spectroscopy классификация комбинационное (рамановское) рассеяние машинное обучение программное обеспечение регрессия спектр спектроскопия флуоресценция фотометрия хемометрика
T. P. Stolboushkina, A. A. Stakheev
Determination of Zinc, Copper, Cadmium and Lead in Beef Liver https://doi.org/10.22184/2227-572X.2024.14.2.162.166
The results of measurements of the mass fraction of zinc, copper, cadmium and lead using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) in bovine liver samples are presented. Optimal spectrometer parameters for measurements and conditions for sample preparation in a microwave digestion system, as well as a method for preparing laboratory plasticware, were selected. The analytical method was validated by measuring detection limit, limit of quantitation, linearity, precision, and relative bias of the data. The results obtained were compared with certified values and the relative error was assessed. Both methods have been shown to be reliable and can be used to determine the elemental content of bovine liver samples.
Determination of Zinc, Copper, Cadmium and Lead in Beef Liver https://doi.org/10.22184/2227-572X.2024.14.2.162.166
The results of measurements of the mass fraction of zinc, copper, cadmium and lead using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) in bovine liver samples are presented. Optimal spectrometer parameters for measurements and conditions for sample preparation in a microwave digestion system, as well as a method for preparing laboratory plasticware, were selected. The analytical method was validated by measuring detection limit, limit of quantitation, linearity, precision, and relative bias of the data. The results obtained were compared with certified values and the relative error was assessed. Both methods have been shown to be reliable and can be used to determine the elemental content of bovine liver samples.
Tags: icp-ms icp-oes macro- and microanalysis of metals mass spectrometric analysis microwave sample preparation toxic metal исп-мс исп-оэс макро- и микроанализ металлов масс-спектрометрический анализ микроволновая пробоподготовка токсичный металл
K. A. Dokukina, A. N. Konilov, V. S. Sheshukov, O. I. Okina, K. V. Van
Integrated Geochronological and Geochemical Studies of a Probably Impact Zircon Older than 2.8 Ga in Rocks of the Belomorian Eclogite Province https://doi.org/10.22184/2227-572X.2024.14.2.168.178
Using laser ablation with inductively coupled plasma, U-Th-Pb isotope dating of igneous and metamorphic zircons extracted from aegirine-bearing gneisses in the Gridino melange of the Belomorian eclogite province was carried out. Igneous cores with an age of 2.89–2.83 Ga date of the protoliths. Metamorphic grains and rims yielded an age range of 2.80–1.8 Ga with peaks at ~2.80, 2.75, 2.70 and 1.8 Ga, corresponding to the succession of tectonometamorphic events in the region. Along with typical zircons, the grains with unusual heterogeneous cores, which combine granular, vesicular and vermicular textures, were found. According to Raman spectroscopy the transformations from a crystalline to an amorphous state in them are observed. Microgranular zircons are interpreted as evidence of Mesoarchean impact event ~2.87 Ga or older.
Integrated Geochronological and Geochemical Studies of a Probably Impact Zircon Older than 2.8 Ga in Rocks of the Belomorian Eclogite Province https://doi.org/10.22184/2227-572X.2024.14.2.168.178
Using laser ablation with inductively coupled plasma, U-Th-Pb isotope dating of igneous and metamorphic zircons extracted from aegirine-bearing gneisses in the Gridino melange of the Belomorian eclogite province was carried out. Igneous cores with an age of 2.89–2.83 Ga date of the protoliths. Metamorphic grains and rims yielded an age range of 2.80–1.8 Ga with peaks at ~2.80, 2.75, 2.70 and 1.8 Ga, corresponding to the succession of tectonometamorphic events in the region. Along with typical zircons, the grains with unusual heterogeneous cores, which combine granular, vesicular and vermicular textures, were found. According to Raman spectroscopy the transformations from a crystalline to an amorphous state in them are observed. Microgranular zircons are interpreted as evidence of Mesoarchean impact event ~2.87 Ga or older.
Tags: archean; zirconology; isotope u-pb age belomorian eclogite province impact metamorphism архей беломорская эклогитовая провинция изотопный u-pb возраст импактный метаморфизм цирконология
Chemical Analysis Metrology
V. V. Stepanovskikh
Metrological Traceability of Measurement Results of Metallurgical Materials Chemical Composition. Practical Questions https://doi.org/10.22184/2227-572X.2024.14.2.184.186
The results obtained in metallurgy, mechanical engineering, geology, etc. when analyzing matrix materials are expressed in relative units – the mass fraction of the corresponding element or compound (kg/kg, percentage, etc.). In accordance with the measurement algorithm, the results are traced to the SI unit of mass kilogram.
The metrological characteristics of laboratory balances are important when assessing the uncertainty of the analytical result. It is shown that their calibration is preferable to verification.
Calibration of universal-purpose analytical instruments is carried out individually with each batch of samples. Accuracy control procedures using CRMs, performed on a regular basis in measurement procedures, confirm the metrological traceability of results. The need for annual verification of analytical instruments in this case seems inappropriate and redundant.
Metrological Traceability of Measurement Results of Metallurgical Materials Chemical Composition. Practical Questions https://doi.org/10.22184/2227-572X.2024.14.2.184.186
The results obtained in metallurgy, mechanical engineering, geology, etc. when analyzing matrix materials are expressed in relative units – the mass fraction of the corresponding element or compound (kg/kg, percentage, etc.). In accordance with the measurement algorithm, the results are traced to the SI unit of mass kilogram.
The metrological characteristics of laboratory balances are important when assessing the uncertainty of the analytical result. It is shown that their calibration is preferable to verification.
Calibration of universal-purpose analytical instruments is carried out individually with each batch of samples. Accuracy control procedures using CRMs, performed on a regular basis in measurement procedures, confirm the metrological traceability of results. The need for annual verification of analytical instruments in this case seems inappropriate and redundant.
Tags: calibration certified reference materials measurements of chemical composition measurement techniques reliability of measurement results verification of measuring instruments градуировка достоверность результатов измерений калибровка определение химического состава сертифицированные стандартные образцы
Analytical Methods and Instruments
O. V. Shestak, M. A. Gorbachev
Analytics without Compromise Since 2015, the EnProTech company has been providing comprehensive equipment for analytical, environmental, research, technological laboratories and quality control departments. Since its founding, the company’s clients and partners have included representatives from the mining, oil and gas, pharmaceutical, agricultural and food industries. The supplied equipment and integrated solutions are successfully used by leading enterprises in their sectors. The priority direction of the EnProTech is gold mining and assay and analytical laboratories, which make an undeniable contribution to ensuring maximum extraction of the precious metal from ore. The article focuses on EnProTech“s approach to equipping assay laboratories, which, however, does not exclude readiness to expand cooperation in other areas.
Analytics without Compromise Since 2015, the EnProTech company has been providing comprehensive equipment for analytical, environmental, research, technological laboratories and quality control departments. Since its founding, the company’s clients and partners have included representatives from the mining, oil and gas, pharmaceutical, agricultural and food industries. The supplied equipment and integrated solutions are successfully used by leading enterprises in their sectors. The priority direction of the EnProTech is gold mining and assay and analytical laboratories, which make an undeniable contribution to ensuring maximum extraction of the precious metal from ore. The article focuses on EnProTech“s approach to equipping assay laboratories, which, however, does not exclude readiness to expand cooperation in other areas.
Tags: analytical balances assay laboratories atomic absorption spectrometer elemental analysis fusion furnaces laboratory equipment пробоподготовка sample preparation аналитические весы атомно-абсорбционный спектрометр лабораторное оборудование плавильные печи пробирно-аналитические лаборатории элементный анализ
A. Kuchkin, V. Orlovsky
Chromatography is not Just a Chromatograph! About the Importance of a Chromatography Column The authors argue that the choice of a chromatograph as a tool for solving a chromatographic problem is not as important as the choice of a column on which the mixture will be separated. The option of using columns with mixed phase is considered as the most interesting for the development of methods for separating complex mixtures, for example, including substances with different physicochemical properties.
Chromatography is not Just a Chromatograph! About the Importance of a Chromatography Column The authors argue that the choice of a chromatograph as a tool for solving a chromatographic problem is not as important as the choice of a column on which the mixture will be separated. The option of using columns with mixed phase is considered as the most interesting for the development of methods for separating complex mixtures, for example, including substances with different physicochemical properties.
O. I. Karsten, D. S. Nekhorosheva, T. B. Ezhevskaya
A New Attachment to the FT 801 IR Fourier Spectrometer from SIMEX for Headspace Analysis of Liquids with Sample Heating up to 220 °C The design of the attachment for headspace analysis of liquids for the FT 801 Fourier transform infrared spectrometer is described in detail. The advantages of headspace analysis of liquids are emphasized, which make it possible to identify impurities in a solution with a concentration of less than 1%. Sharp, narrow, well-resolved lines of individual components of a vapor mixture make it possible to easily determine its individual components, which is impossible in liquid cells due to the broadening of spectral lines due to strong intermolecular interactions. Additional capabilities and the purpose of the new attachment to spectrometers that have long proven themselves to be the best are noted.
A New Attachment to the FT 801 IR Fourier Spectrometer from SIMEX for Headspace Analysis of Liquids with Sample Heating up to 220 °C The design of the attachment for headspace analysis of liquids for the FT 801 Fourier transform infrared spectrometer is described in detail. The advantages of headspace analysis of liquids are emphasized, which make it possible to identify impurities in a solution with a concentration of less than 1%. Sharp, narrow, well-resolved lines of individual components of a vapor mixture make it possible to easily determine its individual components, which is impossible in liquid cells due to the broadening of spectral lines due to strong intermolecular interactions. Additional capabilities and the purpose of the new attachment to spectrometers that have long proven themselves to be the best are noted.
Tags: absorption condensed matter cuvette fourier transform infrared spectrometer headspace analysis optical density ик-фурье-спектрометр конденсированная среда кювета оптическая плотность парофазный анализ поглощение
A. V. Astakhov, M. V. Rzhavin
Chromatographic Complex for Helium Analysis Issues related to the extraction and purification of inert helium gas from impurities are discussed. A brief historical background of the discovery of helium is given. The areas of application are listed, and the increased need of various industries for highly purified helium is noted. Modern automated installations are needed to control the quality of extracted helium. The design of a chromatographic complex for determining helium purity is described. All components of the complex, which operates under software control, are considered and a diagram of its operation is provided. Particular attention is paid to sample preparation: for the preparation of helium samples, the chromatographic complex includes a cryoconcentration unit operating in automatic mode under the control of a specialized program installed on a PC.
Chromatographic Complex for Helium Analysis Issues related to the extraction and purification of inert helium gas from impurities are discussed. A brief historical background of the discovery of helium is given. The areas of application are listed, and the increased need of various industries for highly purified helium is noted. Modern automated installations are needed to control the quality of extracted helium. The design of a chromatographic complex for determining helium purity is described. All components of the complex, which operates under software control, are considered and a diagram of its operation is provided. Particular attention is paid to sample preparation: for the preparation of helium samples, the chromatographic complex includes a cryoconcentration unit operating in automatic mode under the control of a specialized program installed on a PC.
Tags: chromatographic complex column cryoconcentration unit sample preparation software пробоподготовка программное обеспечение установка криоконцентрирования хроматографическая колонка хроматографический комплекс
Modern laboratory
V. A. Zakharov, D. S. Shelekhova
Errors in Organizing or Reorganizing Laboratory Work For many years, the KR- Analytical company has been a reliable supplier of analytical and laboratory equipment and has been implementing comprehensive solutions for equipping laboratories of various profiles, based on the needs of clients and the resources they have. The article discusses the main mistakes that customers make when designing laboratory spaces, and provides recommendations for the correct organization of laboratory work, taking into account modern capabilities and trends.
Errors in Organizing or Reorganizing Laboratory Work For many years, the KR- Analytical company has been a reliable supplier of analytical and laboratory equipment and has been implementing comprehensive solutions for equipping laboratories of various profiles, based on the needs of clients and the resources they have. The article discusses the main mistakes that customers make when designing laboratory spaces, and provides recommendations for the correct organization of laboratory work, taking into account modern capabilities and trends.
Tags: automation equipment laboratory sample preparation testing автоматизация испытания лаборатория оборудование пробоподготовка
Laboratory Accreditation
V. I. Sheveleva
How does the Accreditation Body Work? https://doi.org/10.22184/2227-572X.2024.14.2.100.106
The article discusses the process of accreditation of conformity assessment bodies using the example of the activities of the accreditation body AAC Analitica. All stages of the accreditation process are considered in a comprehensive manner, which allows us to get the clearest possible picture of the functioning of the accreditation body, even for those readers who have never encountered it before. The article also provides explanations on fundamental issues related to the functioning of international accreditation organizations and accreditation activities as such.
How does the Accreditation Body Work? https://doi.org/10.22184/2227-572X.2024.14.2.100.106
The article discusses the process of accreditation of conformity assessment bodies using the example of the activities of the accreditation body AAC Analitica. All stages of the accreditation process are considered in a comprehensive manner, which allows us to get the clearest possible picture of the functioning of the accreditation body, even for those readers who have never encountered it before. The article also provides explanations on fundamental issues related to the functioning of international accreditation organizations and accreditation activities as such.